And when the South Pole tilts toward the Sun, it’s winter in the Northern Hemisphere. When the North Pole tilts toward the Sun, it’s summer in the Northern Hemisphere. So, as the Earth orbits the Sun over the 12 months of the year, different parts of Earth get the Sun’s direct rays. The axis is always tilted in the same direction. It’s the Earth’s tilted axis that causes the seasons. It’s commonly assumed that the warmer seasons happen because Earth is nearer the Sun (and the colder seasons happen when Earth is farther from the Sun). Nope. The Old Farmer’s Almanac is an astronomical “calendar of the heavens,” so our book has long followed the astronomical definition of the seasons based on the Sun and Earth! What Causes the Seasons? According to this definition, each season begins on the first of a particular month and lasts for three months: Spring begins on March 1, summer on June 1, autumn on September 1, and winter on December 1. Climate scientists and meteorologists created this definition to make it easier to keep records of the weather, since the start of each meteorological season doesn’t change from year to year.
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